3-5% ratio is typical for low threat situations
5-10% for medium risk situations
10-15% for high risk
50+% for very high risk (ie: classified, very limited access, not sterile)
95+% for very high risk (ie: classified, highly controlled "sterile"
access only)
-jma
http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/dy/national/20080112TDY02308.htm
Bug-busting business booming / Demand jumps for listening devices,
and firms that can find them are cashing in
The Yomiuri Shimbun
OSAKA--Major firms have started offering services to detect and
remove electronic bugging devices in offices as spying has become a
serious concern due to increased competition in business and among employees.
With information on new technology or personnel more sought after
than ever, observers point out that many Japanese firms have not
taken sufficient measures to protect against eavesdropping. The need
for bug-busting services is expected to grow.
Two staff members of Japan Information Leak Control Management, a
Tokyo-based nonprofit organization to prevent bugging, visited an
office of WIN, an NPO that develops microcomputers, in Chiyoda Ward,
Tokyo, on Dec. 26.
They thoroughly searched the office, checking visually for bugs under
desks, in the ceiling, inside telephones and behind electrical
outlets. The two then used a bug detector to check for radio waves in
five spots.
No electronic listening devices were found, but WIN Executive
President Kiyoshi Itao, a professor at Tokyo University of Science,
said: "I'm a member of a committee on antiterrorism measures of the
Education, Science and Technology Ministry. I thought I should start
with my office."
Japan Information Leak Control Management carried out 303 inspections
for firms in 2006, and bugs were discovered in 13 of these cases. The
inspections are conducted by information leak control officers, who
have bug-buster licenses from the organization.
Bugs are available for 30,000 yen to 80,000 yen in Akihabara, Tokyo,
or Nipponbashi, Osaka, where many electronics stores are located.
They come in a variety of shapes and sizes and can be as small as a
button cell battery or look like an extension cord.
The audio is transmitted by radio waves.
According to the NPO, about 370,000 bugs and spy cameras were sold in
2006, more than double the number in 1997.
The NPO once received an order from an investment fund that was
attempting a hostile merger and acquisition. Other clients have
included major international firms, hotels that accommodate top
executives of foreign firms, and ministries and agencies.
The group believes the bug-buster market will grow.
As well as building communication systems, NEC Facilities, Ltd. in
Tokyo and NTT-Neomeit in Osaka also perform bug inspections for firms.
"Eighty percent of bugging in firms is believed to be conducted by
insiders. With more companies adopting a performance-based pay
system, bugs are now placed [by workers who want] to get information
on personnel distribution," an NTT-Neomeit employee said.
The firm entered the field last autumn and aims to receive about 100
orders in fiscal 2008.
Nippon Express Co., which offers moving services, plans to join the
market this month because many firms have their offices inspected
when they move.
Raisuke Miyawaki, former cabinet public relations secretary and an
adviser to the Institute for International Policy Studies, warns that
firms should not delay in taking defensive measures against bugging.
"Western companies are good at drawing up information strategies, and
they collect information by all possible means. We should expect that
information sent by fax or e-mail likely will be leaked," Miyawaki said.
"Japanese firms should start considering having an information
control expert or taking other measures," he added.
(Jan. 12, 2008)
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Received on Sat Mar 02 2024 - 00:57:20 CST