#26 "...and that the said Constitution be never construed to infringe the just liberty of the press or the rights of conscience; or to prevent the people of the United States who are peaceable citizens from keeping their own arms..." * Samuel Adams * "I ask, sir, what is the militia? It is the whole people, except for a few public servants." * George Mason * "To preserve liberty, it is essential that the whole body of the people always possess arms, and be taught alike, especially when young, how to use them...It is true, the yeomenry of the country possess the lands, the weight of property, possess arms, and are too strong a body of men to be openly offended (but) they may in twenty or thirty years be, by means imperceptible to them, totally deprived of that boasted weight and strength. This may be done in great measure by Congress, if it disposed to do it, by modeling the militia. Should one-fifth or one-eighth part of the men capable of bearing arms be made into a select militia, as has been proposed...and all others put upon a plan which will render them of no importance, the former will answer all the purposes of an army, while the latter will be defenseless... The constitution ought to secure a genuine, and guard against a select, militia, by providing that the militia shall always be kept well organized, armed and disciplined [well regulated], and include, according to the past and general usage of the States, all men capable of bearing arms; and that all regulations to render this militia useless and defenseless, by establishing select corps of militia, or distinct bodies of military men not having any permanent interests or attachments in the community, to be avoided..." * Richard Henry Lee * "Another source of power in government is a military force. But this, to be efficient, must be superior to any force that exists among the people, or which they can command; otherwise, this force would be annihilated on first exercise of acts of oppression. Before a standing army can rule, the people must be disarmed, as they are in almost every kingdom in Europe. The supreme power in America cannot enforce unjust laws by the sword, because the whole body of the people are armed, and constitute a force superior to any band of regular troops that can be, on any pretence, raised in the United States." * Noah Webster * "No freeman shall ever be debarred the use of arms." * Thomas Jefferson * "What would things been like (in Russia) if during periods of mass arrests people had not simply sat there, pailing with terror at every bang on the downstairs door and at every step on the staircase, but understood they had nothing to lose and had boldly set up in the downstairs hall an ambush of half a dozen people?" * Alexander Solzhenitsyn * Sam Adams opposed ratification unless accompanied by a provision that "the said Constitution be never construed...to prevent the people, who are peaceable citizens, from keeping their own arms," and, "arms in the hands of citizens may be used at individual discretion for the defense of the nation, the overthrow of tyranny or private self-defense." "Guard with jealous attention the public liberty. Suspect everyone who approaches that jewel. Unfortunately, nothing will preserve it but downright force. Whenever you give up that force, you are ruined.....The great object is that every man be armed.....Everyone who is able may have a gun." * Patrick Henry * "Firearms stand next in importance to the constitution itself. They are the American people's liberty teeth and the keystone under independence...The rifle and pistol are equally indispensable...The very atmosphere of firearms anywhere and everywhere restrains evil interference - they deserve a place of honor with all that is good." * George Washington * "We, the people are the rightful masters of both Congress and the Courts - not to overthrow the Constitution, but to overthrow men who pervert the Constitution." * Abraham Lincoln * "A strong body makes the mind strong. As to the species of exercises, I advise the gun. While this gives a moderate exercise to the Body, it gives boldness, enterprise and independence to the mind. Games played with the ball, and others of that nature, are too violent for the body and stamp no character on the mind. Let your gun therefore be the constant companion of your walks." * Thomas Jefferson * (Governments derive)....."their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object, evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, (absolute power or influence of any kind) it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide mew Guards for their future security." -- Declaration of Independence -- =============================================================================