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Alex Linder
December 23rd, 2010, 01:22 AM
Remedial Racial Education 101

In this thread are links to sites demonstrating WN theses.

1) blacks + time = destruction (of cities, states, nations, neighborhoods, continents)

The Ruins of Detroit
http://www.white-history.com/hwrdet4.htm

Leonard Rouse
December 23rd, 2010, 05:15 PM
Haiti Earthquake Aftermath

http://www.oxfam.org.uk/oxfam_in_action/emergencies/haiti-earthquake.html

RickHolland
December 23rd, 2010, 05:24 PM
Our forefathers made the mistake of keeping the blacks here after slavery was abolished.

Plainly put, the majority of blacks just don't know how to act civilize. Every placed that I've lived (NYC, Las Vegas, Colorado Springs and portions of the South), blacks are the culprit when it comes to crime and poverty. They infest once prosperous communities only to turn them into slums and war zones. They always play the race card game blaming whites for their down fall. In reality, it is them who destroy society. Most blacks are uneducated with a criminal mind frame.

White people are the only ones that care about the environment, saving the whales, child workers in Nepal, women's rights in Afghanistan, Tibet, animal rights, or all of a hundred other causes that only white people care about. Just look at the crowd at an animal rights demo, it is so white that it might as well be a meeting of the Ku Klux Klan. White people volunteer to work in Africa, they rushed to Haiti after the earthquake, when it comes to humanitarianism, it's whites all the way down.

YouTube - Detroit: White vs Black

SmokyMtn
December 23rd, 2010, 05:30 PM
The Vice Guide to Travel: Liberia.

http://www.vbs.tv/watch/the-vice-guide-to-travel/the-vice-guide-to-liberia

Alex Linder
December 23rd, 2010, 11:32 PM
News item: black murderer of white man (Cicciaro) is pardoned by black politician after serving only five months.

Lesson: white lives are endangered wherever blacks and jews hold power, because the jews will justify literally anything the niggers do to whites, including murdering them.

http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/2010/12/23/2010-12-23_john_harris_white_convicted_of_killing_daniel_cicciaro_pardoned_by_gov_david_pat.html

Chad Wentworth
December 24th, 2010, 01:55 PM
News item: black murderer of white man (Cicciaro) is pardoned by black politician after serving only five months.

Lesson: white lives are endangered wherever blacks and jews hole power, because the jews will justify literally anything the niggers do to whites, including murdering them.

http://www.nydailynews.com/ny_local/2010/12/23/2010-12-23_john_harris_white_convicted_of_killing_daniel_cicciaro_pardoned_by_gov_david_pat.html

These are the raw facts. Statistics are misleading and they're used to confuse and generalize.

Alex Linder
January 3rd, 2011, 11:21 PM
Guardian tags along on destruction of Detroit theme

http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/gallery/2011/jan/02/photography-detroit#/?picture=370173042&index=4

You can have human civilization or niggers. Not both. Jews chose niggers. For us. Against our will.

Why do we tolerate jews and blacks among us?

vnnf page here
http://www.vnnforum.com/showthread.php?t=121511

Alex Linder
January 16th, 2011, 04:30 PM
J.Stephens

We left Detroit in 1974 as one of the last, if not the last, white family in my neighborhood to throw in the towel. I was just a little kid but I remember the night a half brick came through my bedroom window showering my bed with glass. Retaliation after my Scottish mother had been yelling out the window to tell a group of “African” Americans to stop setting fire to the large dumpster across the street and smashing beer bottles in the road. This had become a nightly occurrence and Mom had had enough apparently and she did use far more colorful language while calling them out (won’t make the censors on here). Cops never once came. Shortly thereafter Dads’ car got smashed up in the driveway by a hit and run drunk black guy. Of course he had no insurance, no job. Car wasn’t drivable so dad had to hitch hike for the next few months while saving up money for another car. Cops never showed up at all. Graffiti appeared all over any wall or house siding near a sidewalk. Each family that moved out a new one would move in and then the house would deteriorate rapidly, 3-4 dead cars parked about and regular police visits for domestic violence and various arrests. As a kid I always wondered why there would appear to be 15 people living in a small house. Mom was a tough woman but it became too dangerous for her to walk the three blocks home in the evening from her job. Large groups of you know who would follow her and make aggressive sexual comments saying she was ‘gonna get raped.”. We moved very quickly after that. Too sad for Detroit because I have lots of good memories, but I don’t see it ever getting any better.

http://detroit.cbslocal.com/2011/01/13/city-of-detroit-sends-out-thousands-of-incorrect-property-tax-bills/

Alex Linder
January 16th, 2011, 04:43 PM
Proud & Sad

J.Stephens -thanks for sharing your story. It overlaps mine so much. Unfortunately, that story was repeated THOUSANDS of times by other white families who eventually moved out to the suburbs.

My dad bought 4 televisions between 1972-1975 (back when families only owned 1) because criminals kept breaking into our house.

I clearly remember my mom crying at the kitchen table when she read the letter…the letter that stated her little white son would now be “bussed” to a black school 5 miles away, instead of the elementary 4 blocks down the street. I was only 10 years old. All done in the name of diversity. Where’d it get us? All of us? It gave us animosity. Thank you Social Experiment!

My dad yelled at a black guy for burning his garbage in the street. The next day he pointed a gun at my dad saying “yell at me again”. We hopped on the White Flight caravan 2 months later.

I love Detroit. But only the version that’s in my distant memory. The city has been imploding for 30 years. But because I’m a born and raised Detroiter, I’m both proud and sad.

http://detroit.cbslocal.com/2011/01/13/city-of-detroit-sends-out-thousands-of-incorrect-property-tax-bills/

White Winger
January 17th, 2011, 12:21 PM
[QUOTE=Alex Linder;1218291]Guardian tags along on destruction of Detroit theme

http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/gallery/2011/jan/02/photography-detroit#/?picture=370173042&index=4






And of course, the Guardian,England's most Left Wing ,major newspaper,never blames the shitskinned sub-animals for the horrors.

Oy Ze Hate
January 19th, 2011, 08:29 PM
A teacher explains what it's like trying to teach spooks and shades.

http://martynemko.blogspot.com/2009/06/white-teacher-speaks-out-what-is-it.html

Thomas de Aynesworth
March 6th, 2011, 04:36 PM
Obligatory:

YouTube - The Anti-Racist Hypocrisy

YouTube - Group Warfare

YouTube - Survival of the Fittest

YouTube - How to Destroy Nations with Love and Tolerance

YouTube - The Reality of Human Races

Soldatul Vostru
March 24th, 2011, 01:59 PM
YouTube - Why no looting in Japan after tsunami and earthquake 2011

YouTube - Call Me Uncle Tom Ruckus, Please Sir

YouTube - Australian Cyclone v Hurricane Katrina

YouTube - New Zealand Earthquake 2011 v Haiti Earthquake 2010

http://www.stormfront.org/forum/t788395/

Soldatul Vostru
March 24th, 2011, 02:14 PM
Pastor Manning is better than any White pastor, because he tells the truth where a White pastor would lie as to not be called "racist".


Also, Chimpout at Burger King: http://www.vnnforum.com/showthread.php?t=125451

Steve B
March 24th, 2011, 02:45 PM
YouTube - Call Me Uncle Tom Ruckus, Please Sir (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VeA7OOBhlDk&feature=player_embedded)

I saw Manning on a talk show once. Can't remember whose. He's very articulate and it's obvious he's had a college education. I.Q. probably runs about 120 which is about 1/100th of one percent of the black population. When he does his own show he goes into black preacher mode because that's who he is basically trying to talk to, black folks.

Manning sure tells it like it is but he says the inherent problem with black people is lack of gawd. Nope, black peoples problems are a lack of brains. They're stupid. Stupid as gawd could make a thing. And as everyone knows you can't fix stupid. I'm sure Manning realizes this but at least he's trying to fix his neurally challenged brethren so I'll give him props for that.

Alex Linder
March 31st, 2011, 10:54 PM
[Apelanta niggers sue to get access to white tax money; in exchange they graciously offer to share their superabundance of crime, violent crime.]

Lawsuit seeks dissolution of Dunwoody, Sandy Springs, Johns Creek, Milton, Chattahoochee Hills

Suit says 'super-majority white neighborhoods' were created

The Georgia Legislative Black Caucus filed a lawsuit Monday against the state of Georgia seeking to dissolve the city charters of Dunwoody, Sandy Springs, Johns Creek, Milton and Chattahoochee Hills. Further, the lawmakers, joined by civil rights leader the Rev. Joseph Lowery, aim to dash any hopes of a Milton County.

http://www.ajc.com/news/lawsuit-seeks-dissolution-of-888729.html

[What's the lesson here class? Why, the same old one you've heard before: niggers can neither create nor sustain civilized living. They are not our equals and fellow citizens, they are the game in game management.]

Soldatul Vostru
April 2nd, 2011, 05:59 PM
TRENTON — Four suspects — juveniles of 13, 14 and 17, and a 19-year-old adult — have been arrested and accused of piling on the 7-year-old girl who was the victim of last Sunday’s gang rape in an apartment on the 13th floor of the Rowan Towers.

Timear Lewis, 19, of Trenton, currently jailed at the Mercer County Correctional Center, had a detainer lodged against him on charges of aggravated sexual assault and endangering the welfare of a child (the 7-year-old).

http://www.trentonian.com/articles/2010/04/03/news/doc4bb7a8d985853596207882.txt


T.N.B.

Rae Kiley
April 3rd, 2011, 09:55 AM
http://www.thegrio.com/news/multiple-baby-daddy-study-may-give-black-women-bad-name.php#

Interesting article TXC.....:)

RickHolland
April 23rd, 2011, 08:14 AM
If you are a black in the UK and need a bone marrow donor - you might also need a miracle to find a match.

The chances of finding a suitable donor stand at around 100,000 to one.

In comparison, a white person needing an unrelated bone marrow donor faces odds of five-to-one, only marginally longer odds than the one-in-four chance of a member of their immediate family being compatible.

Race matters ...

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3907613.stm



Race-Based Medicine Arrives

A flood of studies has emerged showing racial differences in how patients suffer from disease--or benefit from drugs--in ailments ranging from osteoporosis to cancer. And several more have looked at the effects of drugs on particular racial groups.

http://www.forbes.com/2005/05/10/cx_mh_0509racemedicine.html



YouTube - RACE WAR in Prison

YouTube - Broadcast Yourself.

YouTube - San Quentin (prison gangs 101)

RickHolland
August 10th, 2011, 07:57 AM
‪Multi-cultural anti-racist Leftism = Mental AIDS‬‏ - YouTube

Pete Stef
August 31st, 2011, 02:22 AM
The Negroes In NegroLand (With C.C. / NeoSpeech Julie) - Censorship Central

You can also simply read the book by going to this page (http://www.archive.org/details/negroesinnegrola00helpiala), looking in the upper left corner, and picking a format. The download is free.

RickHolland
September 1st, 2011, 02:59 PM
Race Is NOT a Social Construct - YouTube

Race, Evolution, and Denial - YouTube

Racial Genetic Differences - YouTube

Dr. Richard Lynn: The Global Bell Curve - YouTube

The Heritability of World IQ Differences by Philippe Rushton part 1 - YouTube

RickHolland
September 20th, 2011, 05:54 PM
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Renal Transplantation: BIOLOGIC FACTORS

HLA matching is a well-described factor that contributes to racial and ethnic disparities in kidney transplantation. HLA matching is the primary determinant of kidney allocation. Significant racial differences in antigen expression exist with blacks having less well-defined HLA antigenic specificities than do whites—especially at the DR locus. Hence, the distribution of HLA antigens differs among races. The closer the HLA antigen match, the more likely the kidney will not be allocated to a minority, because the majority of donated kidneys are from whites. A predominantly white donor pool favors white recipients and places minorities at a disadvantage. With such emphasis on HLA matching, the distribution of cadaveric kidneys does not favor interracial transplantation. In fact, United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) data demonstrate that blacks receive six antigen-matched kidneys at only 10% the rate of whites.

There are known racial differences in the distribution of ABO blood type as well. Blacks have a higher prevalence of blood type О than whites. Given the necessity for blood-type compatibility, the UNOS requirements for ABO identity between donor and recipient, patients with blood type О have a lower rate of kidney transplantation than patients with other blood types.
Beat the drug companies and buy viagra jelly online

Minority transplant candidates are also more likely than their white counterparts to have significant antimajor-histocompatibility (MHC) reactivity, which prohibits transplantation from some donors. Thus, the MHC-, HLA- and ABO-matching requirements put minorities pursuing a kidney transplant at a significant disadvantage.

http://www.hiv-infected.com/2009/10/racial-and-ethnic-disparities-in-renal-transplantation-biologic-factors.html

RickHolland
September 20th, 2011, 05:56 PM
Marrow donors elusive for multiracial patients

HAYWARD, Calif. — If Nick Glasgow were white, he would have a nearly 90 percent chance of finding a matching bone marrow donor who could cure his leukemia.

But because the 28-year-old bodybuilder is one-quarter Japanese, his doctor warned him the outlook was grim. Glasgow's background would make it almost impossible to find a match, which usually comes from a patient's own ethnic group.

The doctor "didn't say it was slim-to-none. He didn't say it would be hard. He said 'zero chance,'" Glasgow's mother, Carole Wiegand, recalled with tears in her eyes. "When Nick heard that, it sent him plummeting."

At a time when the number of multiracial Americans is rising, only a tiny fraction of donors on the national bone-marrow registry are of mixed race. The National Marrow Donor Program is trying to change that by seeking more diverse donors for patients suffering from leukemia, lymphoma and other blood diseases.

"The truth is, when people of different backgrounds marry and produce offspring, it creates more types that are harder to match," said Michelle Setterholm, the program's director of scientific services. "The probability just gets lower when you have people of mixed ancestral DNA."

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/30966859/

RickHolland
September 20th, 2011, 11:25 PM
So race isn't a social construct anymore?

It is alright to promote race-mixing in mainstream media because it improves our genes and makes us stronger, perfect and more attractive.

Isn't that also called Eugenics?

Nazis anyone?

In the other day i saw a medicine doctor cheering in TV because someone had a genetic disease which was almost exclusive to Africans.

In his twisted mind having a disease rare in Europe was a positive thing because it means we are mixing our genes.


The health consequences of race mixing

http://www.unc.edu/news/archives/oct03/udry10302003.html

http://majorityrights.com/index.php/weblog/comments/the_health_consequences_of_race_mixing/

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1448064/


I think it is a downgrade to our race and to our nations to mix with the other races.

http://abagond.wordpress.com/2011/03/08/the-average-african-iq-is-70/


Mixed race people like the african-americans and latin-americans have on average lower IQ's (around 85) than European-Americans (around 100).

http://sq.4mg.com/NationIQ.htm

http://www.news-medical.net/news/2005/04/26/9530.aspx

Rae Kiley
September 21st, 2011, 07:14 AM
It's willful ignorance Rick. I posted those links on another forum. Of course they poo poo'd it. I don't think they actually opened the links. :( And they called me a racist.:rolleyes:

I give up on about half of the idiots out there. Really.

RickHolland
September 21st, 2011, 12:24 PM
It's willful ignorance Rick. I posted those links on another forum. Of course they poo poo'd it. I don't think they actually opened the links. :( And they called me a racist.:rolleyes:

I give up on about half of the idiots out there. Really.

People that are severely brainwashed feel pain when they see this kind of posts. It is a knee jerk reaction.

Anyway not all forums are suited for this kind of discussions.

Politics, science, anthropology, racial reality, ethnic preservation, right-wing, free-speech ...

The humanists/democrats/leftits/multiculturalists/liberals/christians/Jews/Non-Whites/Globalists/Neo-cons will always call you a racist, fascist, etc ... but they are our enemies it is expectable they do that.

You need to be smarter than them.

They will attack you personally to make you break the rules and get banned.

But if you keep making threads exposing them and not respond to the troll provocations they will eventually quit, and you will conquer some supporters even awake some whites at least those that don't have communist or egalitarian tendencies.

Rae Kiley
September 21st, 2011, 12:52 PM
People that are severely brainwashed feel pain when they see this kind of posts. It is a knee jerk reaction.

Anyway not all forums are suited for this kind of discussions.

Politics, science, anthropology, racial reality, ethnic preservation, right-wing, free-speech ...

The humanists/democrats/leftits/multiculturalists/liberals/christians/Jews/Non-Whites/Globalists/Neo-cons will always call you a racist, fascist, etc ... but they are our enemies it is expectable they do that.

You need to be smarter than them.

They will attack you personally to make you break the rules and get banned.

But if you keep making threads exposing them and not respond to the troll provocations they will eventually quit, and you will conquer some supporters even awake some whites at least those that don't have communist or egalitarian tendencies.

I think that I managed to get a few to at least ponder this anyway. But of course they're more upset about the social implications these studies have rather than looking at it from a rational scientific point of view.

I asked them if it was right to try and keep this silent rather than let it get out there and let the masses make a rational choice about race mixing.

So far..........**crickets**

RickHolland
October 15th, 2011, 09:16 AM
The Human Genome Project found all humans to have a 99.9 % similar genetic content and identity, but this is challenged by a new more detailed research suggesting a higher genetic diversity, with further medical and evolutionary implications.

Previous studies focused on analyzing polymorphism (variation) in DNA nucleotidic bases. But the new approach tackled deletions or duplications of code among relatively long sequences of individual DNA and then compared the so-called copy number variations (CNVs) across individuals from different human breeds. This method uncovered a complex, higher-order variation in the code and better explains why some populations or races are vulnerable to certain diseases and respond well to specific drugs, while counterparts swiftly fall sick or never respond to treatment.


Two technical
breakthroughs, a faster, accurate sequencing of DNA and a powerful software programme to spot the CNVs allowed the new approach. 1,447 CNVs were located in roughly 2,900 genes, which means around 12 % of the human DNA. "Each one of us has a unique pattern of gains and losses of complete sections of DNA," said Matthew Hurles from Britain's Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "One of the real surprises of these results was just how much of our DNA varies in copy number. We estimate this to be at least 12 % of the genome."

"The copy number variation that researchers had seen before was simply the tip of the iceberg, while the bulk lay submerged, undetected. We now appreciate the immense contribution of this phenomenon to genetic differences between individuals."

Some missing or duplicated DNA fragments are very large, thus CNVs might have a big impact on gene expression. About 16 % of genes related to disease have been found to possess CNVs, like those involved in the rare DiGeorge, Williams-Beuren and Prader-Willi syndromes or more common schizophrenia, cataracts, spinal muscular atrophy and atherosclerosis. But kidney disease, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and vulnerability to malaria and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which recent research has blamed on single-letter variations in the gene code, are also suspected for CNVs. "The stage is set for global studies to explore anew... the clinical significance of human variation," said Huntington Willard at Duke University in North Carolina.

The new data also shows that our species is so recent that the vast majority of CNVs, around 89 %, was found to be shared among the 269 people belonging to Mongoloid Race (Japanese and Chinese), African Negroid (Yoruba Nigerians) and Caucasoid (of Northern and Western European ancestry). But there are also widespread specific differences in CNVs according to the race and even inside the same race according to population (geographical origin). This means that over 200,000 years or so, natural selection favored subtle variants allowing different humans populations to adapt to their different environments, with specific climate, pathogens, and food resources.

http://news.softpedia.com/news/12-of-the-DNA-Differs-Amongst-Human-Races-and-Populations-40872.shtml


DNA Varies More Widely From Person to Person, Genetic Maps Reveal

The genetic makeup of the human race is much more varied than previously believed, new research shows.

Scientists say that surprisingly many large chunks of human DNA differ among individuals and ethnic groups.

The research also suggests that humans have less DNA in common with chimpanzees, our closest living relative, than is widely supposed.

The new findings, based on several studies, will have dramatic implications for research into deadly diseases, the researchers add.

In the lead study, reported tomorrow in the journal Nature, scientists created the first map of the human genome that shows that large segments of DNA are missing or duplicated between normal, healthy people.

Known as copy number variants (CNVs), some of these altered DNA sequences can be responsible for increased susceptibility to cancers and many other diseases, the study team says.

"Astonishing" Results

The new map provides a much clearer picture of human genetic variation, says geneticist and co-researcher Charles Lee of the Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts.

"This evidence is showing that we are more genetically unique from one another—we all have individualized genomes," he said.

The team analyzed the DNA of 270 people with ancestry in Europe, Africa, and Asia. (Get an overview of human genetics.)

More than 1,400 CNVs were detected, covering 12 percent of the human genome—the complete set of chromosomes, present in almost every human cell, that contains a person's genetic code.

Until now only relatively small amounts of genetic difference between people had been identified.

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/11/061122-human-genetics.html


Humans show big DNA differences


This analysis of so-called copy number variation (CNV) has now revealed some startling results.

It would seem the assumption that the DNA of any two humans is 99.9% similar in content and identity no longer holds.

The researchers were astonished to locate 1,447 CNVs in nearly 2,900 genes, the starting "templates" written in the DNA that are used by cells to make the proteins which drive our bodies.

This is a huge, hitherto unrecognised, level of variation between one individual and the next.

"Each one of us has a unique pattern of gains and losses of complete sections of DNA," said Matthew Hurles, of the UK's Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.

"One of the real surprises of these results was just how much of our DNA varies in copy number. We estimate this to be at least 12% of the genome.

"The copy number variation that researchers had seen before was simply the tip of the iceberg, while the bulk lay submerged, undetected. We now appreciate the immense contribution of this phenomenon to genetic differences between individuals."

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6174510.stm

RickHolland
December 9th, 2011, 12:21 PM
It is now recognized that despite the high degree of genetic similarities that bind humanity together as a species, considerable diversity exists at both individual and group levels.

Biological egalitarianism is the view that no or almost no meaningful genetically based biological differences exist among human groups …..We believe that this position, although well intentioned, is illogical and even dangerous…We also think that biological egalitarianism may not remain viable in light of the growing body of empirical data.

http://racialreality.blogspot.com/2009/11/scientists-call-for-end-to-race-denial.html

Bruce Lahn and Lanny Ebenstein Nature, 8 October 2009

Science is finding evidence of genetic diversity among groups of people as well as among individuals. This discovery should be embraced, not feared, say Bruce T. Lahn and Lanny Ebenstein.

A growing body of data is revealing the nature of human genetic diversity at increasingly finer resolution. It is now recognized that despite the high degree of genetic similarities that bind humanity together as a species, considerable diversity exists at both individual and group levels (see box, page 728). The biological significance of these variations remains to be explored fully. But enough evidence has come to the fore to warrant the question: what if scientific data ultimately demonstrate that genetically based biological variation exists at non-trivial levels not only among individuals but also among groups? In our view, the scientific community and society at large are ill-prepared for such a possibility. We need a moral response to this question that is robust irrespective of what research uncovers about human diversity. Here, we argue for the moral position that genetic diversity, from within or among groups, should be embraced and celebrated as one of humanity’s chief assets.

The current moral position is a sort of ‘biological egalitarianism’. This dominant position emerged in recent decades largely to correct grave historical injustices, including genocide, that were committed with the support of pseudoscientific understandings of group diversity. The racial-hygiene theory promoted by German geneticists Fritz Lenz, Eugene Fischer and others during the Nazi era is one notorious example of such pseudoscience. Biological egalitarianism is the view that no or almost no meaningful genetically based biological differences exist among human groups, with the exception of a few superficial traits such as skin colour. Proponents of this view seem to hope that, by promoting biological sameness, discrimination against groups or individuals will become groundless.

We believe that this position, although well intentioned, is illogical and even dangerous, as it implies that if significant group diversity were established, discrimination might thereby be justified. We reject this position. Equality of opportunity and respect for human dignity should be humankind’s common aspirations, notwithstanding human differences no matter how big or small. We also think that biological egalitarianism may not remain viable in light of the growing body of empirical data.

Many people may acknowledge the possibility of genetic diversity at the group level, but see it as a threat to social cohesion. Some scholars have even called for a halt to research into the topic or sensitive aspects of it, because of potential misuse of the information. Others will ask: if information on group diversity can be misused, why not just focus on individual differences and ignore any group variation? We strongly affirm that society must guard vigilantly against any misuse of genetic information, but we also believe that the best defence is to take a positive attitude towards diversity, including that at the group level. We argue for our position from two perspectives: first, that the understanding of group diversity can benefit research and medicine, and second, that human genetic diversity as a whole, including group diversity, greatly enriches our species.

Emerging understanding of human genetic diversity

Genetic diversity is the differences in DNA sequence among members of a species. It is present in all species owing to the interplay of mutation, genetic drift, selection and population structure. When a species is reproductively isolated into multiple groups by geography or other means, the groups differentiate over time in their average genetic make-up.

Anatomically modern humans first appeared in eastern Africa about 200,000 years ago. Some members migrated out of Africa by 50,000 years ago to populate Asia, Australia, Europe and eventually the Americas. During this period, geographic barriers separated humanity into several major groups, largely along continental lines, which greatly reduced gene flow among them. Geographic and cultural barriers also existed within major groups, although to lesser degrees.

This history of human demography, along with selection, has resulted in complex patterns of genetic diversity. The basic unit of this diversity is polymorphisms — specific sites in the genome that exist in multiple variant forms (or alleles). Many polymorphisms involve just one or a few nucleotides, but some may involve large segments of genetic material. The presence of polymorphisms leads to genetic diversity at the individual level such that no two people’s DNA is the same, except identical twins. The alleles of some polymorphisms are also found in significantly different frequencies among geographic groups. An extreme example is the pigmentation gene SLC24A5. An allele of SLC24A5 that contributes to light pigmentation is present in almost all Europeans but is nearly absent in east Asians and Africans.

Given these geographically differentiated polymorphisms, it is possible to group humans on the basis of their genetic make-up. Such grouping largely confirms historical separation of global populations by geography. Indeed, a person’s major geographic group identity can be assigned with near certaintly on the basis of his or her DNA alone (now an accepted practice in forensics). There is growing evidence that some of the geographically differentiated polymorphisms are functional, meaning that they can lead to different biological outcomes (just how many is the subject of ongoing research). These polymorphisms can affect traits such as pigmentation, dietary adaptation and pathogen resistance (where evidence is rather convincing), and metabolism, physical development and brain biology (where evidence is more preliminary).

For most biological traits, genetically based differentiation among groups is probably negligible compared with the variation within the group. For other traits, such as pigmentation and lactose intolerance, differences among groups are so substantial that the trait displays an inter-group difference that is non-trivial compared with the variance within groups, and the extreme end of a trait may be significantly over-represented in a group.

Several studies have shown that many genes in the human genome may have undergone recent episodes of positive selection — that is, selection for advantageous biological traits. This is contrary to the position advocated by some scholars that humans effectively stopped evolving 50,000–40,000 years ago. In general, positive selection can increase the prevalence of functional polymorphisms and create geographic differentiation of allele frequencies.

Access : Let's celebrate human genetic diversity : Nature (http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7265/full/461726a.html)


So, non-Africans are definitely part Neanderthal

The Leipzig group’s interbreeding theory would undercut the present belief that all human populations today draw from the same gene pool that existed a mere 50,000 years ago. “What we falsify here is the strong out-of-Africa hypothesis that everyone comes from the same population,” Dr. Paabo said.

In his and Dr. Reich’s view, Neanderthals interbred only with non-Africans, the people who left Africa, which would mean that non-Africans drew from a second gene pool not available to Africans.

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/07/science/07neanderthal.html?_r=1&pagewanted=1

So, non-Africans are definitely part Neanderthal (http://mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpress.com/2010/05/07/so-europeans-are-definitely-part-neanderthal/)



Chinese researcher discovers that Human Races are Real through Gene Sequencing

http://www.eutimes.net/2010/06/chinese-researcher-discovers-that-human-races-are-real-through-gene-sequencing/