How are we suppose to learn anything with "scientists" spouting nonsense like this?

Fifth, the idea of referring to a skeleton as being Caucasian in "race" is an oxymoron. Few, if any, reputable scientists today believe in the existence of physical "races" since all human beings are 98+% the same. The variations found among us are interesting but have to be studied at the individual trait level and at the geographical/regional level and not used as markers for a "race." The latter term is essentially a popular word which has been used for everything from Scottish clans ("the race of the MacDonalds"), to national groups ("the Irish race"), to large geographical populations ("the Americanoid or American race").

In any case, the idea of "Caucasian" is a social concept which refers to an entire cluster or range of traits including skin color, eye color, hair color and type, facial hair, eye form , and so on. Many peoples considered to be non-Caucasian have skull-shapes which overlap those found among so-called Caucasians and, in any event, few if any persons would ever be classified out of the Caucasian group because of the shape of their skull! Many Native American peoples ranging from the Southwest Pueblos to most east coast tribes, as well as some Far Western groups, have numerous individuals with head shapes which seem hardly distinct from many Europeans.

http://cougar.ucdavis.edu/nas/faculty/forbes/personal/kennwick.html

KENNEWICK MAN
http://www.skullsunlimited.com/graphics/SHN20.JPG

Celebrating 9000 years of Europeans in America
http://www.kennewick-man.com/

9000 year old Caucasian (white) skeleton unearthed in Kennewick, Washington in 1996.

Why do the Indians and the U.S. Government want to cover this up?

I guess if White/caucasian is no more than a social construct then so is black/negro. And don't even try to peg jews. Race? Religion? Ethnic group? Or just a social construct? That skull would be readily identified by a competent anthropologist. Like medical examiners do all the time. Hell, that guy looks like he could be my pappy. Look at the eye sockets and brow ridge. Feel your own. Our ancestors were here before the Indians. They probably followed after us, once we showed the way. Our ancestors brought the wheel etc. to asia. If asians (Indians) came across a land bridge, they may have been on a path pioneered by our kin.

I think tobacco and cocaine found in Egyptian mummies pretty much proves trade between the two continents.

I'm near Bellingham... PM me and I'll give you my #.

I think tobacco and cocaine found in Egyptian mummies pretty much proves trade between the two continents.

And don't forget Michigan. In the Bronze Age 2000 years before Jesus hundreds of thousands of tons of copper was mined from places like Kennesaw and modern metallurgists have tracked some of it to the Danubian Valley, Lebanon, Egypt and Minos.

Our ancestors were lots more energetic than we thought. The old sea leagues were made up of Minoans, Myceneaens, Egyptians and Cilicians, and we're just now rediscovering how extensive their trade routes were.

And yes, somebody seems to be trying to keep a lid on all this. They've known about Bronze Age Michigan copper going to Europe and the Mediterranean since before World War II, but so far as I can discover it has not even made it into college-level textbooks.

Kennwick Man is the tip of the iceburg of what's being buried, folks.

F.J.: Thanks for that extra info. I'm relatively new to refuting the old accepted story. Hundreds of thousands of tons? Wow.

saxonrage: Thanks for the link, I'll have something to read tonite!

Whirlwind: Below is a (old) article from 10 years ago that covers the basics. There's lots more. There's actually a kid's book on this at Amazon.com called "Incredible Bronze Age Adventure" that gives loads of references for the era and how Michigan and Canadian copper fueled the European Bronze Age for hundreds of years. This is not theory; it just isn't well known.

I guess I also have to give a "PC" warning for the article below. I guess people can't publish this sort of thing without a bit of slander about Europeans, but the facts are solid.

MISSING: 500,000 TONS OF COPPER

For some 1800 years, beginning abruptly about 3000 BC, some industrious peoples mined ore equivalent to 500,000 tons of copper from Michigan's Isle Royale and Keweenaw Peninsula. Who were these mysterious miners, and what happened to all all that copper?

It certainly hasn't been found in the relics of North American Indians. And where was the ore smelted? About all the unidentified miners left behind are some of the crude tools they used to pound out chunks of ore from their pit mines (5000 pit mines on Isle Royale alone).

Outside of some cairns and slabrock ruins, there is little to help pin down these miners. Mainstream archeologists attribute all these immense labors to a North American "Copper Culture" -- certainly not to copper-hungry visitors from foreign shores. Admittedly, many copper artifacts have been dug up from North American mounds, but only a tiny fraction of the metal the Michigan mines must have yielded.

Curiously, North American Indian mounds have contained copper sheets made in the shape of an animal hide. Called "reels," their function, if any, is unknown. The reels do, however, resemble oddly shaped copper ingots common in European Bronze Age commerce. Their peculiar shape earned these ingots the name "oxhydes." They have been found in Bronze Age shipwrecks, and are even said to be portrayed in wall paintings in Egyptian tombs.

The standardized hide-like shape, with its four convenient handles, was useful in carrying and stacking the heavy ingots. Could the reels from the North American mounds have been copied from the oxhydes? It is tempting to speculate (as we are wont to do) that the Copper Culture miners were actually Europeans, or perhaps Native Americans employed or enslaved by Europeans -- an omen of future, more devastating invasions!

(Sodders, Betty; "Who Mined American Copper 5,000 Years Ago?" Ancient American, 1:28, September/October 1993.)

saxonrage: Great find! Grimes is the author of the book I mentioned in my post, and is one of the most energetic of the people writing on the copper issue.

If your library has it, a small gem of a source is Ancient Mines of Kitchi-Gummi by Roger Jewell. Jewell spent decades in the U.S. Forest Service in the Great Lakes area and kept his eyes open. He gives the facts supporting what he calls "a new theory of history" in about 150 pages.

I like this:

A half-million tons of copper that was removed from Michigan mines in ancient times is missing from America. Only a small fraction of the Michigan metal has been located in native burial mounds and archeological sites, leading to speculation that the metal was shipped overseas...

It's truly spooky to hike this area when you know our ancestors were here many centuries before Columbus.

In part of his argument for Atlantis in Wisconsin, Frank Joseph (no relation) gives some of the more recent information on how the miners worked, where they wintered and how the shipping was done. They were a bit more sophisticated than Grimes thought, and appear to have shipped the copper via the British Isles.

This is a growing subject and likely to grow even more.

It's truly spooky to hike this area when you know our ancestors were here many centuries before Columbus.

Actually, according to Grimes it's not "many centuries before Columbus" but 1500-1700 B.C. which would make our ancestors here 3,000 years before Columbus!!!!

Here is another intersting read from the webmaster at the Church of the Sons of YHVH. Where he finds this stuff is beyond me but he does a fantastic job of putting together a colorful informative website.

http://www.churchofthesonsofyhvh.org/caucasians_of_china.htm

Thanks.. Good link.

That much activity, yet little remains. Not even enough to get a clear picture how it was shipped. Amazing! Just think how many other large discoveries are being overlooked for lack of direct evidence.